Cadt Documentation

SAPO en

The SAPO system history

SAPO is a set of powerful applications oriented to the CARTA 's implementation (transform artistic creation to technical drawing), designs blond curtains, lace , etc. ... These products are manufactured by the German company Karl Mayer 's textile machinery or in ancient looms leavers.
The SAPO system was originally created for HP's workstations with HP-UX operating system, because they were more powerful than any PC on the market. The personal computing progress make PC getting faster and cheaper, and became more interesting to migrate the code to the new and primitive Linux running on personal computers.

We choose Redhat distribution because was free and had a lot of similarities with directories and config files structure with HP-UX. Redhat became a commercial product, so we move to another open source alternative to maintain and improve the stability and security. This distribution isCentOS, which did not have the latest versions of software that other distributions derived from Redhat have like Fedora, but instead have a better stability .

We kept the maximum appearance with the idea to ​​avoid user adaptation to different environments that haven't used. For this reason, we install a linux compatible HP-UX workstations desktop called CDE, but now we are working to migrate SAPO system to any modern desktops integrated with current Linux versions like Gnome, or KDE, to improve the user experience and comfort as much as possible without losing security and stability.

SAPO system installation's notes

  • Currently is needed to install SAPO on PCs, laptops and desktops, where you can install a CentOS Linux operating system. The recommended version up to date is CentOS 5.x, because the old CDE desktop is incompatible with the latest version (CentOS 6 when writing this manual).
  • During the operating system installation, hard drive's data could be erased so you should have a backup of your existing user data.
  • The setup editor used in this manual is vi. This file editor is very powerful, but not recommended if you don't have previous experience. In this case, there are other editors more intuitive like nano'.
  • Remember that edit config files is critical and extremely delicate operation that can make the system won't boot properly.
  • A new system installation have 4 stages:
  1. Installing the Linux operating system 'CentOS 5.x'.
  2. Installing the CDE desktop.
  3. Installing the SAPO design system.
  4. Installing additional applications.

Installation

Linux Operating System

Linux CentOS 5.x operating system installation

The installation Iso images can be downloaded from the CentOS's official website:
http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/isos/i386 /

  • The 32-bit Linux version (i386) ensures compatibility with SAPO system.
  • This manual explains the graphical installation mode.
  1. Boot with the CentOS 5.x installation CD-ROM.


  2. If you boot from the netinstall CD_ROM version
    3. Will be necessary an internet connection available and a few preliminary steps make with a wizard running in text mode:
    • If the CD-ROM isn't the netinstall version, go to step:Start the installation wizard.
    1. Language selection
      2. This language will be used during installation, but also determine the default options such as language, keyboard, time zone, etc..


    2. keyboard selection


    3. Installation Method
      • This specifies how to access the installation files.
      To get the official version from the CentOS 's webpage, select HTTP.


    4. network configuration
      5. For default network configuration use the DHCP (automatic) option. However, Network parameters can be manually configured here but this setting is only used to access the installer's files and will be necesary to configure the final network during the setup process.


    5. Location of installation files

      6. Parameters to get the official version.
      Site Name: mirror.centos.org
      Directory of files: /centos-5/5.8/os/i386
    6. Completing the netinstall process
      7. Finally, it will download the installation wizard will start automatically
      • This process can take about 5 minutes.


  3. Start installation wizard.


  4. Language selection.
    • This screen does not appear if the language has been selected.
    This language will be used during installation, but also will be installed by default in the operating system and determine the default options (keyboard, time zone, etc).


  5. keyboard selection.
    • This screen does not appear if the keyboard has been selected.


  6. installation type selection.
    • This screen only displays if any CentOS operating system is installed.


  7. disk partitions.
    8. The management of partitions on a disk can cause the loss of data.

    Select manual partitioning (create custom layout) whether if it is a new installation or a reinstallation where already have an existing partition table. Manual partitioning will have the absolute control over the entire process.


    1. Partition Manager
      • Using LVM partitions is not recommended, to avoid alocating the information betwen different physical disks.


    2. To create a partition use the New button.
      • If you will like to edit an existing partition, Select it first and then use the Editbutton
      Creating a regular partition Creating a swap partition

    3. Choose size, type and where to mount the partitions.
      • option to format the partition is available only if the partition previously existed.
      • In this case, 'VERY It's not format the partition that contains the user data (/home in the example)
      • Formating a partition containing user data (/home in the example) IS NOT RECOMMENDED because you will loss all the information on it.
      TABLE PARTITION DISK RECOMMENDED BY A 250 Gb / dev / sda
      Partition Installation Partition Type Size Size Options Primary Partition Format Background
      /Dev/sda1 /boot ext3 200 Mb Size Fixed YES YES System Boot Partition operating
      /Dev/sda2 / 50 to 100 Gb main operating system partition
      /Dev/sda3 /home All the free
      space available      		 Complete all
      the available free space      		 NO NO User's data partition
      /Dev/sda4 N / A SWAP Same as installed memory Size Fixed NO YES Swap partition

  8. Installing the GRUB boot loader (GRUB boot loader).
    9. Leave the values ​​displayed by default.


  9. Network setup
    10. For default network configuration use the DHCP (automatic) option. However, network parameters can be manually configured here.


  10. Time Settings.
    • The UTC indicates that the computer's internal clock is synchronized with the time Greenwich Mean Time



  11. Creating the root 's password'.
    • The root user is the system administrator and have full access privileges.
      • is very important to remember this password.


  12. Selection packages to install.
    13. Select Desktop - Gnome, this includes a set of basic desktop applications.
    At the end, the system will check for dependency integrity and complete the list of packages to install.


  13. Installing Packages.
    14. The system will start installing the selected packages. When finish, restart the computer.
    • This may take about 30 minutes and is completely automatic.


  14. The first boot time setup wizard screen will appear.


  15. Initial firewall setup.
    16. To allow the CADT 's technical assistance team having access to your computer over Internet, the firewall must accept access through the SSH port (22) .


  16. SELinux configuration.
    • SELinux is an advanced system protection, but requires extensive configuration, so it is recommended to disable it.


  17. Setting the date and time.


  18. Creating 'CADT' user.


    19. To allow remote access to the system by CADT 's team,The following standard user account must be created:
    Username: CADT
    Full name: CADT S.L.
    Password: boira1
  19. Configuring the sound card.


  20. additional CDs.

    21. To complete the installation click "Finish"

  21. when the wizard is finished, if SELinux has been disabled as recommended, the computer will reboot.
    22. When the login screen appears, login with username 'CADT' and password 'boira1'.


Linux CentOS 6.x operating System Installation
  • installation iso images are available at CentOS official website:.

    http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6/isos/i386/

  • CentOS 6.x does not guarantee compatibility with SAPO system.
  • This manual explains the graphical mode installation.
  1. Boot from CentOS 6.x's CD-ROM .


    2. If the chosen CD-ROM is netinstall version will be necessary an internet connection, in this case, will be necessary a few preliminary steps with the text mode wizard:
    • If not netinstall CD-ROM version chosen, go to: Start the installation wizard.
    1. Checking installation disk
      2. Setup wizard allow to check the disk.


    2. Language selection
      3. This language will be used during installation, but also determine the default options such language, keyboard, time zone, etc..


    3. Keyboard layout selection


    4. Installation Method
      • This specifies the installation files access method.
      For CentOS version from the official webpage select URL.


    5. network configuration
      6. Default network configuration will be DHCP (automatic). However, if we know the network parameters can be set manually here. This setting is only used to access the installer's files and later will configure the final system network.
    6. File Location


      7. URL for the official version: http://mirror.centos.org/centos-6/6.2/os/i386
    7. Completing the netinstall process
      8. Finally, the installation wizard will download and start automatically.
      • This process can take about 5 minutes.


  2. Start the installation wizard.


  3. Language selection.
    • This screen doesn't appear if language have been selected.
    This language will be used during installation and installed as default also determine the default options (keyboard, time zone, etc).


  4. keyboard layout selection.
    • This screen does not appear if keyboard layout have been selected above.


  5. storage type selection.


  6. Configuration hostname.
    7. This is the computer network's ID and name


  7. Time Settings.
    • The UTC indicates that the computer's internal clock is synchronized with the Greenwich Mean Time



  8. Creating the root's password.
    • The system administrator called root have full access privileges.
      • is very important do not forgive the password entered here.


    • If is a weak password, the following warning is showed:
  9. Disk partitions.
    10. The partition management can be the cause of loss data so we recommend a backup.

    Select manual partitioning (create custom layout) it doesn't matter if is a reinstallation where already exist a partition table. Manual partition will have absolute control over the entire process.


    1. Partition Manager
      • Using LVM partitions is not recommended, because the information is into a partition on different physical disks.


    2. Use New button to create a new partition.
      • If you want to edit an existing partition, select it first and click Edit

    3. Choose size,type and where to mount the partition.
      • The format partition option is available only if the partition existed previously .
      • In this case,'VERY IMPORTANT do not format the partition that contains the user data (/home in the example)
      • Format user data partition (/home in the example) IS NOT RECOMMENDED AT ALL because there will be a loss of user data
      PARTITION TABLE RECOMMENDED FOR A 250 Gb DISK on /dev /sda
      Partition Installation Partition Type Size Size Options Primary Partition Format Background
      /Dev/sda1 /boot ext3 200 Mb Size Fixed YES YES System Boot Partition operating
      /Dev/sda2 / 50 to 100 Gb main operating system partition
      /Dev/sda3 /home All the free
      space available      		 Complete all the
      available free space      		 NO NO partition where you
      store all the data user
      /Dev/sda4 N /A SWAP Same as installed memory
      		Size Fixed NO YES Partition swap swap

  10. Installing the GRUB boot loader.
    11. Leave the default values.


  11. select packages to install.
    12. Select the Desktop set, which includes a few desktop's basic applications.
    when finish the selection, the system will check for dependency packages to install.


  12. Starting packages' installation.
    13. The system will start installing the selected packages. At the end you must restart the computer.
    • This may take about 30 minutes and is completely automatic.

  13. The first time the system starts, a screen will appear in the post-installation wizard.


  14. License agreement.


  15. Create user 'CADT'.

    16. To allow remote access to the system by CADT team, you must create the following standard user account:
    < blockquote>
    Username: CADT
    Full name: CADT S.L.
    Password: boira1
  16. Setting the date and time.


  17. kdump configuration.


  18. Once the wizard completes, the computer will restart.
    19. When the login screen, login with username 'CADT' and password 'boira1' this is the user account created during the post-installation.

Preparation and preliminary setup
  1. Open a terminal.


  2. change to root user. 
    3. [CADT @ CentOS5 ~] $ su [enter]
Password: ******* [enter]
    • While typing the password , No characters will be show, this is normal behavior.
    The following operations are executed as root (system administrator).
    This account allows you to modify any file and configuration on the operating system it is recommended to read the instructions carefully to avoid mistakes.

  3. Modify the default run level in the file /etc/inittab.
    1. Edit the file /etc/inittab 
      2.  [Root@Centos5 CADT] # vi /etc/inittab [enter]
    2. Replace
      3.  Id: 5: initdefault:
      with 
       Id: 3: initdefault:
    3. Save and exit

  4. start in text mode (switch to runlevel 3). 
    5. [Root @ CentOS5 CADT] # /sbin/init 3 [enter]
    • The computer will be in runlevel 3 (text mode), needed by CDE desktop to start.



  5. Log in as root. 
    6. 
CentOS release 5.8 (Final)
kernel 2.6.18-308.4.1.el5 on an i686

CentOS5 login: root [enter]
Password: ****** [enter]
  6. Change to the directory /home/CADT. 
    7.  [Root @ CentOS5 ~] # cd/home/CADT [enter]
    • The following commands assume that are executed from /home/CADT. folder
  7. Create the directory structure for installation in the user folder.
    1. Create folder INSTALACIO
      2. This directory will keep a copy of the installation files. 
       [Root@CentOS5 CADT] # mkdir INSTALACIO [enter]
    2. Change to folder INSTALACIO'
      3. [Root@CentOS5 CADT] # cd INSTALACIO [enter]
    3. Create the folder mnt
      4. This directory will serve to mount the CD-ROM's image files (file.iso) 
       [Root@CentOS5 INSTALACIO] # mkdir mnt [enter]
    4. Create the folder yuminstall
      5. This directory will remain empty and is used to run the yum installer. 
       [Root@CentOS5 INSTALACIO] # mkdir yuminstall [enter]
  8. updating packages.
    • This operation requires internet connection to download the latest versions of installed packages.
    • yum needs the repository's public key file to verify packages' authenticity , if you do not have the public keys of the repository , yum request itself to import
    1. Change to the folder yuminstall 
      2. [Root@CentOS5 INSTALACIO] # cd yuminstall [enter]
    2. Updating packages 
      3.  [Root@CentOS5 yuminstall] # yum update [enter]



    3. Change to the folder INSTALACIO 
      4.  [Root@CentOS5 yuminstall] # cd .. [enter]
  9. Copy Install files
    • The files needed for install process will be copied into a cadt's subfolder for easy access and keep a reference copy.
    • On a reinstall process might occur that this directory and the files already exist, in this case the option to delete this files or overwrite i a personal choice.
    • The parameter R makes a recursive copy (includes subfolders) and H parameter follow symbolic links 
     [Root@CentOS5 INSTALACIO] # cp-RH /net/nas1/mnt/RAIDA/vol2/pub/cli/SAPO/installacions/packages/* . [Enter]
    File name File description
    99-CADT-el5.rules udev configuration file
    Adobe-relese-i386-1.0.1.noaech.rpm adobe repository
    DeXtop_3.2_patches.iso Corrections desk 'CDE'
    Dextop_CDE_v3.iso Installing the desktop 'CDE'
    Elrepo-release-5-3.el5.elrepo.no arch.rpm repository elrepo
    Folder hotplug install hotplug (explained below)
    Folder NetManager install NetManager (explained below)
    NVIDIA-Linux-x86-295.53.run Drivers NVIDIA graphics card
    Rpmforge-release-0.5.1.el5.rf.i386.rpm rpmforge repository
    Sapo.iso SAPO Design System
    Skype VOIP Software
    Seamonkey-2.10.tar internet browser like firefox
    Xorg.conf-sample xorg.conf sample (the sample explained below)
    • drivers NVIDIA-Linux-x86-295.53.run are only for the graphics card' 'NVIDIA Quadro 4 or' 'NVIDIA Quadro FX.
    • other drivers for NVIDIA versions, are available at the official website http://www.nvidia.com/object/unix.html
  10. Extras package installation.
    • Requires internet connection for Installation.
    List of necessary packages that aren't installed
    Package usefulness Cause
    Xorg * Complete Xorg server get all the packages of the Graphic server Xorg
    Compatlibstdc++-33 retro-compatibility SAPO PROGRAM system is compiled with an earlier version of linux (CentOS 3)
    and is now necessary extra dinámic library.
    Rcs ident ID software version.
    LibXpm Graphic's Library for XPM Pixmap formats needed by Applications Manager package
    Kernel-devel Code Source operating system The kernel-devel version must fit with the kernel version installed in the system.
    The PAE kernel should be installed in PC with more than 4Gb of RAM.
    Is necessary for compilation of hardware controllers like (license key, graphics card drivers ...)
    Kernel-PAE-devel
    Gcc GNU Compiler
    • To know the installed kernel version use the command uname-r
    • When uses the wildcard character '*' the shell will use the files that match with parameters.
    • In case you wish to use '*', it is possible that the arguments send to yum were wrong. An alternative is not use the asterisk or use a empty temporary directory and run the order inside.
    • If the kernel version is "PAE", use yum install kernel-PAE-devel in place of yum install kernel-devel 
    •  [Root @ centos5 INSTALACION] # cd yuminstall [enter] 
    •  [Root @ centos5 yuminstall] # yum install xorg-* [enter] 
    •  [Root @ centos5 yuminstall] # yum install compat-libstdc + + -33 [enter] 
    •  [Root @ centos5 yuminstall] # yum install rcs [enter] 
    •  [Root @ centos5 yuminstall] # yum install libXpm [enter] 
    •  [Root @ centos5 yuminstall] # yum install kernel-devel [enter] 
    •  [Root @ centos5 yuminstall] # yum install gcc [enter] 
    •  [Root @ centos5 yuminstall] # cd .. [enter]
  11. Save system resources disabling unnecessary services. 
    12.  [Root@CentOS5 CADT] # ntsysv [enter]
    • ntsysv only modifies the services from the actual runlevel (in this case, level 3).

    Recommended services to disable
    Service Description
    Gpm terminal mouse support
    Sendmail E-mail Server
    Firstboot Post-Installation Configuration
    Yum-updatesd Automatic Update Package
    Isdn Support for integrated services digital networks (XDSI / ISDN)
    Lvm2 Support to manage logical volumes
    Any other unnecessary (in case of doubt do not modify)

  12. Encoding setup.
    • CDE desktop is not compatible with the UTF-8 encodings. </ li>
    1. Edit File /etc/sysconfig/i18n 
      2. [Root@centos5 cadt] # vi /etc/sysconfig/i18n [enter]
    2. Replace the line 
      3.  LANG = "xxxx.UTF-8"
      by 
       LANG = "xxxx"
    3. Save and exit

  13. Configure automatic disk corrections if the system is turned off incorrectly. </ li>
    1. copy the file autofsck to /etc/sysconfig/autofsck 
      2.  [Root@CentOS5 CADT] # cp INSTALL/autofsck /etc/sysconfig/ [enter]

  14. Perform the following checks and configurations using the system-config-securitylevel (recommended) or, if necessary, editing the appropriate configuration file:
    15. 1. 'Check' The firewall has SSH port (22) open
    Config file: /etc/sysconfig/iptables
    Change Add or modify the line 
    -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT-m state - state NEW-m tcp-p tcp - dport 22-j ACCEPT
    2. 'Check' system is deactivated SELinux
    Config file: /etc/sysconfig/selinux
    Change Replace the line 
     SELinux = xxxx
    by 
    SELinux = disabled

  15. reboot for the new settings take effect.


Xorg server configuration and driver setup
  1. If needed login as root. 
    2. 
CentOS release 5.8 (Final)
kernel 2.6.18-308.4.1.el5 on an i686

CentOS5 login: root [enter]
Password: ****** [enter]
  2. Change to the directory /home/CADT/INSTALLATION. 
    3. [Root@CentOS5 ~] # cd /home/CADT/INSTALLATION [enter]
    • The following commands assume that are executed from /home/ CADT/INSTALLATIONfolder
    • If the computer doesn't have a NVIDIA Quadro 4 or NVIDIA Quadro FX, with default CentOS system drivers, might work, but still, it is recommended whenever possible to install the official of the graphics card.
  3. Check the graphics card model. 
    4.  [Root@CentOS5 INSTALLATION] # lspci | grep VGA | more [enter]
  4. Install by model and manufacturer
    5. Graphics Installation Method
    Nvidia Official NVIDIA drivers using an interactive wizard to install. 
     [Root@CentOS5 INSTALLATION] # sh ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86-290.10.run
    • When the process finishes, the wizard will ask for confirmation to update the configuration file Xorg (/etc/X11/xorg.conf). It is recommended to accept the option to update the configuration file according to the new driver installed.
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